At all around 7 days seven in utero, the sex-associated gene about the Y chromosome initiates the development on the testicles in male infants. The testicles make testosterone.
Testosterone may be a treatment method for postmenopausal women providing They're correctly estrogenized.[80]
In people, masculinization from the fetal Mind appears, by observation of gender preference in clients with congenital Conditions of androgen development or androgen receptor purpose, to become associated with functional androgen receptors.[37]
The effects of testosterone in human beings and other vertebrates occur By means of several mechanisms: by activation from the androgen receptor (directly or as dihydrotestosterone), and by conversion to estradiol and activation of sure estrogen receptors.
睪酮是經由血液中的性激素結合球蛋白運送至身體的目標組織。男性生殖腺內的塞爾托利氏細胞需要睪酮來生成精子。
All-natural testosterone is often a steroid — an anabolic-androgenic steroid. "Anabolic" refers to muscle mass creating, and "androgenic" refers to greater male intercourse qualities.
It has been theorized that brain masculinization is happening considering the fact that no considerable variations have been determined in other aspects of the body.[27] The male brain is masculinized from the aromatization of testosterone into estradiol,[28] which crosses the blood–brain barrier and enters the male brain, whereas female fetuses have α-fetoprotein, which binds the estrogen in order that female brains usually are not affected.[29]
用于多种男性性激素不足的状况 隐睾症、性腺功能减退症、阳痿及男性更年期。
Testosterone effects can be labeled by the age of typical prevalence. For postnatal effects in the two males and females, these are definitely mainly dependent on the stages and length of circulating no cost testosterone.[twenty]
Testosterone may also merely exaggerate or amplify existing aggression; as an example, chimpanzees who obtain testosterone will increase develop into additional intense to chimps decrease than them inside the social hierarchy, but will still be submissive to chimps higher than them. Testosterone What everyone is talking about Therefore doesn't make the chimpanzee indiscriminately aggressive, but alternatively amplifies his pre-current aggression in direction of reduced-ranked chimps.[129]
睪酮芳構化成雌二醇會對腦及骨這兩個人體重要的組織構成主要的影響。在骨中，雌二醇加速了軟骨成長為骨的過程，使骨端接合及完成生長的程序。在中樞神經中，雌二醇是給予下視丘的主要迴饋訊號，尤其在影響排卵素的分泌。在很多哺乳動物的腦部中，某些性別差異區域在出生前或產期的雄性化，都是受著睪酮所產生的雌二醇影響，決定將來的雄性性行為。
除自然作用之外，雄性激素亦可作为药物使用，如雄激素替代疗法和促进肌肉生长。值得注意的是，成年男性無論施打多少劑量的雄激素都无助生殖器再次發育成長，反而容易增长生殖疾病风险。
睾酮# · 双氢睾酮 · 氟羟甲基睾酮 · 甲二氢睾酮 · 甲睾酮 · 另见同化類固醇
The relationship amongst testosterone and aggression may operate indirectly, as it has been proposed that testosterone does not amplify tendencies towards aggression, but somewhat amplifies regardless of what tendencies will allow someone to maintain social standing when challenged. In many animals, aggression could be the implies of sustaining social position. Even so, people have several ways of getting status. This may explain why some reports locate a backlink concerning testosterone and Professional-social conduct, if Professional-social conduct is rewarded with social position. Thus the link between testosterone and aggression and violence is because of these staying rewarded with social standing.[128] The relationship might also be certainly one of a "permissive effect" whereby testosterone does elevate aggression levels, but only within the feeling of allowing for normal aggression stages for being maintained; chemically or bodily castrating the person will lower aggression amounts (though not reduce them) but the individual only requires a little-standard of pre-castration testosterone to obtain aggression stages to return to regular, which they will continue being at even when more testosterone is added.